Equipment manufacturer Heyl + Patterson (Pittsburgh, USA) makes "calciners" capable of heating materials well above 2000 degrees fahrenheit. The calciner can also be used to create torrefied biomass, though it only heats the woody biomass to approximately 550 degrees fahrenheit.
H+P worked with the Natural Resources Research Institute at the University of Minnesota to install a large calciner at its Coleraine Minerals Research Laboratory. This unit and improvements to the building have totaled in excess of $3 million, making the facility unique in the U.S., if not the world, in that it is a university institute capable of making industrial scale quantities of biofuel continuously. The calciner installed at CMRL can generate 14 tons of torrefied biomass per day.